- Orthopedic Trauma Implants (Most Widely Used and Most Popular)
This grade offers excellent fracture toughness, fatigue resistance, and crack-propagation resistance, making it suitable for repeated cyclic loading in moving parts of the human body and preventing fracture failure due to long term stress.
1. Locking Compression Bone Screws (LCP Screws): Cortical bone screws, cancellous bone screws, self-tapping/self-drilling bone screws; for fracture fixation in the upper and lower extremities, including the radius, ulna, tibia, fibula, humerus, and metacarpal and phalangeal bones; many micro-screws are CNC-machined from small-diameter, polished Gr23 rods in a single operation.
2. Locking bone plates and reconstruction plate base materials: Blanks for upper limb, lower limb, clavicle, calcaneus, and acetabular reconstruction plates; raw materials for rods forged or rolled into plate blanks.
3. Intramedullary nail systems: femoral intramedullary nails, tibial intramedullary nails, humeral intramedullary nails, gamma nails, and proximal anti-rotation intramedullary nails (PFNA)—including main nails, locking nails, and tail caps; these are high-load-bearing implants with zero tolerance for impurities or internal defects, and F136 non-destructive testing is mandatory.
4. Anchors and Surgical Suture Anchors: Rotator cuff repair anchors, Achilles tendon repair anchors, ankle ligament repair anchors, and knee cruciate ligament reconstruction anchors.
5. Internal Connection Components for External Fixation Braces: Internal fixation pins and bolts for external braces (only the parts implanted in the body; exposed rods generally do not require implant grade F136).
- Spinal Surgery Implants (High-risk, permanent weight-bearing implants with extremely high fatigue toughness requirements)
The spine is a dynamic weight bearing region subject to long term flexion, extension, and torsion, making it highly sensitive to clearance control. The ELI grade offers significant toughness advantages over standard Gr5.
1. Spinal Screw Rod Systems: Pedicle screws, connecting rods, long corrective rods, universal screws, locking nuts, and set screws; spinal connecting rods are a very typical direct application of Gr23 titanium rods, with many brands directly sourcing polished rods for precision machining.
2. Intervertebral Fusion Device Components: Fusion device fixation screws, anti-dislocation locking plates, and locking pins (the fusion device body is sometimes made of titanium alloy or PEEK, while the fasteners are typically machined from F136 titanium rods).
3. Scoliosis Correction Components: Long scoliosis correction rods, adjustment screws, and fixation bases, which must withstand long-term cyclic bending loads.
4. Vertebral Augmentation Fixation Screws: Fixation screws designed to reinforce osteoporotic vertebrae.
- Joint Reconstruction Implants (Large, weight-bearing, permanent implants; highest-load scenarios in the human body)
Joint prostheses are subjected to impact loads from walking and standing, requiring wear resistance, fatigue resistance, and stable biocompatibility.
1. Hip Prosthesis Components: Femoral stem blanks (some forged femoral stems are forged from Gr23 titanium rods into preformed blanks), acetabular cup fixation screws, anti rotation screws, and prosthesis locking screws.
2. Knee Prosthesis Components: Tibial platform fixation screws, femoral prosthesis fasteners, and spacer locking Titanium Screw.
3. Shoulder, Titanium Elbow, and Ankle Prostheses: Glenoid fixation screws, ankle prosthesis fixation screws, and small load-bearing prosthesis stem blanks.
Note: Many joint friction pairs (ball heads, liners) use cobalt-chromium alloys; however, ASTM F136 Gr23 is widely used for fixation fasteners and prosthesis stem base materials.
- Dental Implant Field (primarily small-diameter, high-precision bars; precision CNC machining)
Dental implants require extremely high surface quality, freedom from inclusions, and extremely low ionic leaching to prevent surrounding bone resorption and implant-related inflammation.
1. Dental Implant Fixtures (Implant Bodies): Blanks for threaded implants, conical implants, and platform to transfer implants. A large volume of φ3–φ6 mm centerless ground, bright-polished Gr23 titanium rods is used, making it the mainstream material choice for high-end implant brands.
2. Implant Abutments: Custom abutments, prefabricated abutments, octagonal abutments, straight abutments / angled abutments—all machined directly from bar stock.
3. Implant Related Screws: Abutment retention screws, healing cap screws, restoration screws, bridge fixation screws (micro-sized specifications requiring high metallographic uniformity of the bar stock).
4. Immediate restoration temporary titanium components, customized implant scanning rods, and titanium base blanks.
5. Orthodontic surgical implants: Orthodontic micro-screws and anchorage screws (bone screws, implant screws), and Titanium Screws for maxillofacial traction fixation.
- Craniofacial & Maxillofacial Surgery (Precision, Thin-walled, and Irregularly Shaped Fixation Devices)
Primarily used for trauma repair, correction of congenital deformities, and post-surgical reconstruction following tumor resection; these devices are located near brain tissue and the eyeball, necessitating stringent biosafety requirements.
1. Cranial Repair and Fixation Systems: Titanium Sheet with fixation screws and locking screws; fixation devices for cranial reconstruction following craniectomy.
2. Maxillofacial Fracture Fixation: Micro titanium screws and micro reconstruction plate blanks for fractures of the maxilla, mandible, zygomatic bone, and orbital wall.
3. Orthognathic Surgery Components: Fixation screws for Le Fort osteotomy, screws for osteogenic traction devices, and adjustment bolts for traction devices.
4. Micro implant fixation devices for the ear and orbital regions.
- Minimally Invasive Surgery and Sports Medicine Implant Supplies
Sports medicine focuses primarily on ligament and cartilage repair; the components are small and sensitive to surface defects.
1. Cruciate ligament reconstruction fixation screws (compression screws / interface screws): Titanium compression screws for the tibial and femoral ends.
2. Meniscus repair anchors and meniscus fixation pins.
3. Arthroscopic internal fixation screws.
- Base Materials for Surgical Instruments (Implant-Contact Instruments, Non-Permanent Implants)
Distinction: These instruments come into contact with the human body but are not intended for long-term retention. Many high-end minimally invasive instruments specify F136 material, which offers superior stability compared to standard titanium alloys.
1. Handles for ultrasonic surgical scalpels (ultrasonic scalpels) and vibrating rods for ultrasonic bone scalpels: These operate under high-cycle vibration conditions and require high fatigue toughness; Gr23 ELI is highly suitable.
2. Core shafts for minimally invasive orthopedic instruments, positioning guide needles, drill bit shafts, probe hooks, and graspers.
3. Titanium blank materials for precision instruments used in microsurgery and neurosurgery.
> Note: Standard reusable surgical scissors and needle holders are generally made of stainless steel; F136 titanium rods are selected only for components subject to high-frequency vibration or requiring lightweight, precision shafts.
- Custom Implants, 3D Printing Blanks & Medical OEM / R&D Prototyping
1. Patient specific custom implant blanks: Custom implants following tumor bone resection; forged pre-formed bar blanks for personalized implants for complex deformities—forged from bar stock followed by precision machining.
2. Medical R&D test specimens, implant specimens for animal experiments, and biomaterial test bars for universities and research institutes.
3. Precision structural components for medical devices in contact with biological fluids (non-implantable but in contact with bodily fluids; low leaching required).
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